Variedades e história da língua Dialekter a Sproochgeschicht
De onde vem o luxemburguês, como foi normalizado, as suas camadas francesa e alemã, e a regra que rege o n final.
23 palavras e expressões
- Muselfränkesch
- Moselle Franconian The West Central German group Luxembourgish belongs to.
- d'Éislek
- Oesling
- de Minett
- minério de ferro
- d'Musel
- rio Mosela
- d'Stad
- a cidade
- d'Koiné
- the common standard variety Based on the central dialects, spread by media and school.
- d'Orthographie
- the spelling Official spelling of 1975, revised in 1999 and again in 2019.
- de Zenter fir d'Lëtzebuerger Sprooch (ZLS)
- the state language centre Created by the 2018 law promoting Luxembourgish.
- de LOD
- Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire The reference dictionary, free online.
- Eifeler Regel
- the n-deletion rule Shared with the dialects of the German Eifel.
- d'Friemwuert
- estrangeirismo / palavra estrangeira
- d'Etymologie
- etimologia
- Äddi (← adieu), Merci, Trottoir, Velo, Camion, Portmonni, Forschett
- everyday words borrowed from French
- de Sproochwandel
- language change
- d'Standardsprooch
- the standard language
- d'Sproochpolitik
- language policy
- d'Méisproochegkeet
- multilinguismo
- d'Aussprooch
- pronúncia
- de Wuertschatz
- léxico / vocabulário
- d'Betounung
- acento
- kodifizéieren
- to codify
- ofleeden
- derivar de
Gramática
The Eifel rule, stated fully
A final -n (also -nn) is dropped before a following word that begins with a consonant, except before d, t, z, n and h; it is kept before vowels. Within a sentence it applies across word boundaries: "Ech hu Kappwéi" but "Ech hunn Honger", "de Mann" but "den Apel", "wäerte klammen" but "wäerten dann".
Everyday writing is inconsistent (you will see "Ech hu Honger"), but the codified rule is the one above, and the LOD follows it.
Regional flavour
Regional differences today are mostly in vowels and intonation; the vocabulary has largely converged on the koiné. The standard spelling is deliberately neutral, so a text does not reveal where its author is from.
Prática
6 exercícios: escolha múltipla, escrita, correspondência e ordenar palavras.